Jeremy D. Glennon1, Alyah Buzid2, Phyllis E. Hayes1, Majidah Alsaeedi1, Huda Alghamdi1, F. Jerry Reen3, Gerard P. McGlacken1, John H.T. Luong1
1School of Chemistry and the Analytical & Biological Chemistry Research Facility (ABCRF), University College Cork, College Road, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland.
2Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 380, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia.
3School of Microbiology, University College Cork, College Road, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland.
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Combining the nanomolar detectability at solid electrodes with high efficiency chromatographic media can provide selective multianalyte trace determination of key electroactive compounds. In this work, the coupling of electrochemical detection at a boron-doped diamond electrode (BDD) with core-shell chromatography (LC-BDD) is applied for the rapid nanomolar detection of targeted solutes including phenolics, neurotransmitters and microbial metabolites. Among the applications examined is the rapid detection of key catecholamine biomarkers elevated in traumatic brain injury (dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine) using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) on superficially porous (core-shell) and porous Z-HILIC columns [1]. Key microbial metabolites are also rapidly detectable by Halo C18 LC-BDD exemplified by signalling molecules or bacterial pheromones for cell-to-cell communication (quorum sensing (QS)) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an antibiotic-resistant human pathogen associated with chronic lung infections. Application is extended to the detection of guaiacol (2-methoxyphenol), a food and beverage spoilage metabolite indicative of contamination by the Gram-positive thermophilic Alicyclobacillus spp. bacterium [2]. Additionally, studies into the profiling of essential phenolic flavouring compounds in whiskey samples [3] and to selected pharmaceutical compounds are described [4].
References:
[1] M. Alsaeedi, H. Alghamdi, P. E. Hayes, A. M. Hogan and J. D. Glennon, Separations 8 (2021) 124.
[2] P. E. Hayes, A. Buzid, J. H. T. Luong and J. D. Glennon, Electroanalysis 33 (2021) 766 – 773.
[3] P. E. Hayes, J. H.T. Luong, E. S. Gilchrist, A. Buzid, J. D. Glennon, Journal of Chromatography A 1612 (2020) 460649
[4] H. Alghamdi, M. Alsaeedi, A. Buzid, J. D. Glennon and J. H. T. Luong, Electroanalysis 33 (2021) 1137 – 1142
Acknowledgements:
The authors wish to acknowledge the following funding bodies for project grants and individual scholarships: Irish Research Council, Enterprise Ireland, the Ministry of Education (Saudi Arabia) and the Cultural Bureau (Dublin) and previously Science Foundation Ireland.
